Oil heating-stove



w. c. LINDEMANN.

OIL HEATING STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I9, I919.

1,339,208. Patented May 4,1920.

INVENTIOR WiZQCTWM ATTORNEY UNITED sTATEs PATENT orrrcn.

WALTER C. LINDEMAN'N, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO A. J. LINDE- MANN' & I-IOVERSON COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, XVISCONSIN.

' OIL HEATING-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 4, 1920.

Application filed June 19, 1919. Serial No. 305,408.

provements in Oil Heating-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

The improvements relate to stoves adapted to use liquid hydrocarbons such as kerosene oil as fuel, and more particularly to the. construction and arrangement of the drum portion of the stove and burner parts,which surround the burner and are mounted on the base containing the oil reservoir. In stoves of this character it is customary to provide a base mounted on suitable legs or other supports with a font or reservoir for the liquid fuel therein, this font having a cen- V tral opening provided with a cylinder extending therethroughfrom bottom to top to receive a wick, and leaving an air passage central thereof to supply air to the inner side of the upper edge of the wick, which surrounds the cylinder and works up and down thereon and is exposed to the oil in the interior of the reservoir. Air is also supplied to the outside of the upper edge of the wick through openings in the base so that suflicient oxygen for the proper support of combustion is supplied on both sides of the flame, which issues from the top of the wick. The upper extending portion of the wick is also surrounded by a tube, be-

tween which and the central tube the wick is confined.

In order to shield the flame against drafts and currents of air. and feed the air thereto in a steady current, a shield extending around the exterior wick tube is provided, and also a spreader extending above the top of the wick and flaring outwardly. The upper edges of the shield are turned inwardly so as to direct the air over the top of the wick, and the flared portion of the spreader performs the same function with respect to the air rising through the central air duct.

.The central tube and wick tube, the external surrounding shield a d the spreader must be very accurately adjusted with respect to one another, so that the air passing up between the shield and wick tube and through the-interior of the central tube and spreader, and by these parts directed against the vapor generated at the upper edge of the 'wickby the heat will be delivered in the right quantity and in exactly the right direction and at the proper point, as otherwise the combustion, which depends for its quality upon the proper mixture of hydrocarbon vapor and oxygen, will be imperfect and will give off objectionable gases and smoke, fouling the stove and contaminating the atmosphere of the room in which it is used. It is therefore very important that under all conditions of use this delicate adjustment of the parts referred to shall be maintained, and that the parts shall be so constructed and arranged that they will not lose this adjustment, even when the stove is carelessly handled.

But in order that the burner and adjacent parts may be lighted and may be cleaned from time to time and all the parts kept in proper condition it is necessary that some of them shall be removably mounted, and this applies in stoves of the ordinary construction to the mounting of the parts above the reservoir and surrounding the wick tube. In the ordinary construction the drum, with the parts surrounding the wick tube connected with its lower part, is hinged to the base so that all can be swung on this hinge from a vertical to a substantially horizontal position, and access thereby afforded to the burner and to these parts. This frequently gives rise to undesirable resuts, since the drum,whenit is returned to its normal position .does not always seat properly and accurately, as for "istance where a match or some other article is left so that it will prevent the lower edges of the drum from seating exactly on the base as they should or one of the parts becomes dented or bent out of shape. The result is that these devices are not positioned exactly as they sould be and imperfeet combustion is thus caused.

It is one of the objects of the present improvements to so construct and arrange the parts referred to that under all ordinary conditions of use and under the usual maalso as a Wick support.

the reservolr, and the wick B with 1ts perforated reinforcing tube A surrounds itnipulation of these parts they will, when returned to operative position, assume their properrelations, exactly, even to a.small fraction of ,an inch so that .the'undesirable results above noted will be insured against. Another object is the construction and arrangement of the parts so that there is substantially a balance of air pressure between the air space surrounding the burner and adjacent air spaces and surrounding atmosphere.

' The drawing represents a sectional view of the invention.

In the drawings A is the central tube extending through the reservoir centrally from bottom to top, and acting as an air duct and It extends-above and slides thereon; The cylinder 0 surrounding the upper part of the wick is concentric with the upper partof the tube A,

and is held in position by having its lower edges 0 fitted on the upstanding annular flahge C of the reservoir C. In this manner the position of the two parts with respect to the reservoir and the wick is secured. The reservoir s supported on flanges D of the base part E, and the base is in turn supported in any suitable manner.

Onthe exterior of the cylinder 0 is secured an annular collar or gallery G, by means of flanges F riveted thereto and fitted or otherwise secured to the exterior of the tube.

sired manner.

It will be seen that the collar G is fixed to the outercylinder of the wick holder so that it will not move out ofadjustment therewith, and therefore remainsfixed in exactly the right position and relation to the wick at .all times. The wings or flanges F-of any desired numberextend below the collar G and rest upon the shoulder of the flange 0. They therefore provide a means for positioning the collar on the reservoir. As the tube A and cylinder 0 are accurately positioned and the wick is mounted in the annular space between them, the collar G and any other part or parts secured to either of these tubes" will remain in fixed relation to the wick, that relation being varied only to regulate the flame by the raising and lowering of the Wick.

In the bore of the inner tube A a basket or cup J is secured, by having its legs J soldered or otherwise secured to the inner walls of the said tube. This basket is made of wire, perforated sheet metal, or other open-work construction and. supports, the lower end of the spreader K which is fitted snugly therein, and in this manner the spreader is also secured in fixed relation to the Wick. I

As it is necessary that the stove may be opened to give access to the burner and 1 other-parts fol-lighting and for cleaning or other purposes, the drum L is hinged to the upper part of the base portion E' bymeans of a hinge M secured to-its'annulardownwardly curved bottom flange L. The upperedge of the base portion E is provided with a bead E, upon which-the drum flange 1 rests when the parts are in normal position.

Within the bottom of the drum L a diaphragm N, with a central opening; and =upwardly extending-flange N= surrounding it,

is secured, and this'diaphragm' provides' the necessary partition to separate theair chamber II from the combustion chamberin the drum L. -Smallperforations N in this'diaphragm are sufficient to maintain the balance of pressure in the two chambers. The construction is such that the diaphragm N and drum flange L-are formed of a single pieceofsheet metal, and the bottom edge of the" drum united""therewithby engaging beads L and l The upwardly extending flange N is not securedto the inturned upper edge of the collar G, but merely rests thereon so as to form a closure,-and when the drum is-swung back to open thestove these parts separate, as indicated by dotted broken, or the hinge M damaged, or matches,

dirt, or other foreign substance interfere with the accurate closing of the stove-,.no

' undesirable-results will follow. If the drum is closed down substantially on the top of the base a small degree ofinaccuracy in the position of the parts will not affect. the burner. This is true even if a little space be left between the meeting surfaces of the partsN and G, or the parts If and E. The quantity of air supplied to the chamber H is -about-sufficient to maintain'approximately normal air pressure in the chamber and drum and to permit a sufficient amount to pass therefrom under the collar G to supply the combustion, and as the pressure between theair inside and out of the chamber is substantiallythesame-no material amount of air will enterv or escape r through such accidental small openings.

The collar G may be removably mounted on the exterior tube A, and other changes in details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. The combination of a wick holder composed of two concentric tubes, with a space between them for the reception of a wick, a connection between said tubes, a spreader rigidly connected with the inner tube and extending above the same, and a collar rigidly connected with the outer tube and extending above the same, said spreader having a portion extending outwardly above the wick holder and said collar having a portion extending inwardly above the wick holder, and said extending portions and the upper end of the wick holder being adjusted to supply the upper edge of the wick with air at a proper rate andat a point to insure substantially perfect combustion of the hydrocarbon vapors generated at. the upper edge of the wick holder, a base portion in which the wick holder and the said parts are supported, a drum removably mounted on said base portion, and a diaphragm in the bottom of said drum extending from its inner walls to contact with the said collar to close the bottom of the drum from the space in the base below the drum, a hinged connection between the drum and base the construction and arrangement being such that when the drum is moved on said hinged connection, the said diaphragm and collar will separate.

2. A liquid hydrocarbon heating stove comprising a hollow base, a drum mounted on said base and inclosing a combustion space, a wick holder composed of outer and inner concentric tubes with a space between them for the reception of awick and fixed in said base, a collar surrounding the upper part of said wick holder on its exterior and having its upper edges turned inwardly and located above said holder, a spreader secured inside the wick holder, extending above the same and having its upper portion turned outwardly, said collar and spreader being secured to the wick holder and adjusted to direct air over the top thereof at a point and in quantities predetermined for the purpose of producing proper combustion, a diaphragm fixed to the lower part of the drum and extending inwardly from the inner walls thereof into contact with the collar to exclude air from the interior of the drum thereabove, said drum being movable from the base and said diaphragm being separable from the.

collar. Y

A liquid hydrocarbon heating stove comprising a hollow base, a drum mounted on said base and inclosing a combustion space, a wick holder composed of outer and inner concentric tubes with a space between them for the reception of a wick and fixed in said base, a collar surrounding the upper part of said wick holder on its exterior and having its upper edges turned inwardly and located above said holder, a spreader secured inside the wick holder, extending above the same and having its upper portion turned outwardly, said collar and spreader being secured to the wick holder and adjusted to direct air over the top thereof at a point and in quantities predetermined for the purpose of producing proper combustion, a diaphragm fixed to the lower part of the drum and extending inwardly from the inner walls thereof into contact with the collar to exclude air from the interior of the drum thereabove, said drum being movable from the base and said diaphragm being separable from the collar, the walls of the stove casing composed of said drum andbase surrounnding said collar and separated therefrom so as to leave an air chamber within said walls and below said diaphragm, and there being an inlet for air at the lower part of said collar from said air chamber.

4:. The combination of a hollow base poi,

, collar below its inturned upper portion, and

the edges of said opening resting on the said inturned portion of the collar to form a closure but being upwardly separable therefrom, and said collar being secured in fixed position with respect to the wick holder.

5. The combination of a wick, a hollow casing surrounding the upper part of the wick, a shielding collar within the casing surrounding said wick and extending above the upper edge thereof and spaced from the wick and from the casing to' leave an air chamber between it and the casing, a diaphragm in said casing forming a partition extending therefrom to the collar and having its inner edges in contact with said col lar, but disconnected therefrom. said casing having air inlets below the collar and the space between the collar and the wick communicating with. said air chamber at the lower part of the collar, whereby air from said chamber may enter between the wick and the collar and pass upwardly to the upper edge of the wick.

6. The combination of a wick, a hollow casing surrounding the upper part of the wick, a'shielding collar within the casinglower part of the collar, whereby air from saidchamber may enter between the wick and the collar and pass upwardly to the upper edge of the wick, a base supporting said casing and a hinged connection between the upper part of said casing and the lower part thereof whereby the casing may be swung. outward to expose the parts incloserl therein, said diaphragm being secured to the upper part and adapted tovmove therewith.

7. The combination of a wick, a hollow casing surrounding the upper part of the wick, a shielding collar within the casing surrounding said wick and extending above the upper edge thereof and spaced fromthe wick and from the casing to leave an air chamber between it and the casing, a diaphragm in said casing forming a partition extending therefrom to the collar and having its inner edges in contact with said collar, but disconnected therefrom, said casing having air inlets below the collar and the space between the collar and the wick communicating with said air chamber at the lower part of the collar, whereby air from said chamber may enter between the wick and the collar and pass upwardly to the upper edge of the wick, a base supporting said casing and a hinged connection between the upper part of said casing and the lower part thereof whereby the casing may be swung outward to expose the parts incloscd therein, said diaphragm being secured to the upper part and adapted to move therewith, said diaphragm having openings removed from the collar adapted to permit the passage of a limited amount of air from said chamber to the upper part of the casing.

8. The combination of a wick, a cylinder surrounding the upper part of said wick, a reservoir upon which said cylinder is removably mounted, a shielding collar surrounding said cylinder, spaced therefrom to form an annular air passage, removably mounted thereon and extending above the upper edge of the wick, spacing and supporting devices between the collar and the cylinder, supporting the collar in spaced relation to the cylinder and spacing its lower edge from the bottom of the cylinder so as to permit ingress of air to the annular space between the cylinder and collar, a casing surrounding said collar and spaced therefrom to, leave an air chamber, said casing composed of upper and lower parts hinged together, a partition secured, to the upper part of said casing and extending therefrom to contact with the upper part of the collar, but being disconnected therefrom, whereby when the upper part of the casing is moved on its hinge the said; partition. is separated from, the collar, and the collar remains in normal position. 7

9,- In an oil stove the combination of an annular. wick, a cylinder surrounding the upper part of said wick, an. annular shieldingcollar. surrounding said cylinder and: spaced therefrom to form an annular airpassage, a common, support onwhich all of; said; devices are mounted, a. casing surround. ing the said parts. and spaced therefrom to provide an annular air chamber, a drum of greater diameter than said collar mounted on said, casing and extending above the collar, wick and cylinder when the same are in normal position, a diaphragm in the lower part of said drum extending; from the walls thereof to the collar, having a central opening of approximately the same diameter as the collar and having the edgesof saidopening' in contact with the collar, but disconnected therefrom, whereby the said drum and diaphragm may be removed while the shield remains in position. a

10. In anoil stove the combination of an annular wick, a cylinder surrounding the upper part of said wick, an annular shielding collar surrounding said cylinder and spaced therefrom to form an annular air passage, a common-supporton which allof saiddevicesare mounted, a casing surround ing the said parts and spaced therefrom to provide an annular air chamber, a drum of, greater diameter than said collar mounted on said casing and extending above the .collar, wick and cylinder when the same are in normal position, a diaphragm in the lower part of said drumextending from the walls thereof to the collar, having a central opening; of approximately the same diameter as the collar and having the edges of said opening in contact with the-collar, but disconnected therefrom, whereby the said drum and diaphragm may be removed while the collar remains in position, said diaphragm having perforations therein between the walls of the said drum and the central opening establishing communication between the said air chamber and the interior of the drum.

11. The combination of an annular wick, a. cylinder surrounding the. upper part, of said wick, an annular shielding collar surrounding said cylinder, spaced therefrom to form an annular air passage and; mounted in fixed position to, maintain a, given position and relationship between it and the cylinder and Wick, a casing; surrounding the.

said parts and forming between itself and the collar an air chamber, a diaphragm closing the upper part of said air space and normally in contact with the upper part of said collar outside the vertical plane of the cylinder, but being separable from the collar, whereby the said diaphragm may be removed without disturbing the collar or its relationship to the other parts.

Witness my hand this 12th day of June, 10 1919, at the city of Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee, State of Wisconsin.

WALTER C. LINDEMANN. 

